Django community: RSS
This page, updated regularly, aggregates Django Q&A from the Django community.
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Difference between post method and form_valid in generic base view
Can you explain me what is difference between two methods based on generic base view in Django: post and form_valid? I have both in my views, and both save my forms. I used it both, because my practical task required it, but understanding the difference between them I have no. Here's a part of my views.py. I hope you can shed some light on this question. class SellerUpdateView(LoginRequiredMixin, UpdateView): model = Seller template_name = "main/seller_update.html" fields = "__all__" success_url = reverse_lazy("seller-info") login_url = "/accounts/login/" def get_object(self, queryset=None): seller, created = Seller.objects.get_or_create(user=self.request.user) return seller def get_context_data(self, **kwargs): context = super().get_context_data(**kwargs) context["user_form"] = UserForm(instance=self.object.user) context["smslog_form"] = SMSLogForm(instance=self.object) return context def form_valid(self, form): self.object = form.save() user_form = UserForm(self.request.POST, instance=self.request.user) if user_form.is_valid(): user_form.save() return super().form_valid(form) class AdUpdateView(LoginRequiredMixin, UpdateView): model = Ad template_name = "main/update_ad.html" fields = ("name", "description", "category", "tag", "price") login_url = "/accounts/login/" def get_context_data(self): context = super().get_context_data() context["picture_form"] = ImageFormset(instance=self.object) context["seller"] = self.object.seller return context def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs): self.object = self.get_object() form = self.get_form() formset = ImageFormset(request.POST, request.FILES, instance=self.object) if form.is_valid(): form.save() if formset.is_valid(): formset.save() return HttpResponseRedirect(self.get_success_url()) else: return form.invalid() def get_success_url(self): return reverse_lazy("ad-detail", args=(self.object.id,)) -
datetime as a parameter of stored procedure
I have this code snippet with a stored procedure Read_records_from_to cleaned_data = from_to_form.cleaned_data with connections["mssql_database"].cursor() as cursor: cursor.execute("Read_records_from_to '2021-12-01 07:55:39.000', '2021-12-14 07:55:39.000'") result = cursor.fetchall() class FromToForm(Form): start_date = DateField(widget=AdminDateWidget()) start_time = TimeField(widget=AdminTimeWidget()) end_date = DateField(widget=AdminDateWidget()) end_time = TimeField(widget=AdminTimeWidget()) The stored procedure takes to parameters from_datetime and to_datetime. I'd like to assign it values taken from FromtoForm. How can I do this? -
Django Models Save models with Variable Value
My Problem is the following: I want to have a list of counter models. These models have a property named "counter". I could just add a new counter model, but i think this is very inefficient, because every time I'm referring to a counter model with a ForeignKey that isn't already existing, I would have to add a new one. Is there a way to save memory like saving a list of models in another model to save memory and database space? -
Why using Django and React requires so much extra packages?
I have been going through a tutorial (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GieYIzvdt2U) where you have to use Babel, Webpack, and Redux which are all complicated in their regards. Why we can not use "djangorestframework" as my API and get the information using that API from React using JS. What do I gain using all these packages or I can not simply use what I am suggesting? -
creating an login page with user Authentication & this happened : raise TemplateDoesNotExist(', '.join(template_name_list), chain=chain)
New in django. learning how to create an login with user Authentication .all thing is working correctly but when I putt wrong password for checking that the loop is working properly or not .Know that the error is due to wrong assignment of url, but can't understand how to solve it. I am using two apps one for login(name=trevalo_app) and second for all (name=MYapp) trevalo_app/views.py from django.shortcuts import render,redirect from django.http import * from django.contrib.auth import authenticate,login,logout from django.contrib import messages from .models import * def login_user(request): if request.method=='POST': username = request.POST['username'] password = request.POST['password'] user = authenticate(request, username=username, password=password) if user is not None: login(request, user) return redirect('index') else: messages.success(request,('There was an error in logining. Please Try again...')) return redirect('login') else: return render(request,'login_user.html',{}) MYapp/index.html <body> {% include 'MYapp/navebar.html' %} <center> <h1>{{name}}</h1> </center> <div class="cotainer"> {% if messages %} {% for message in messages %} {{message}} {% endfor %} {% endif %} </div> {% block content %} {% endblock content %} {% include 'MYapp/footer.html' %} </body> trevalo_app/urls.py from django.urls import path,include from . import views urlpatterns = [ path('login_user', views.login_user,name='login_user'), ] MYapp/urls.py from django.contrib import admin from django.urls import path from . import views urlpatterns = [ path('', views.index, name … -
django redirects to LoginView page instead of ListView page
I set up login and logout functions on my website. I am using Django 3.2. I used class based views like below to create login, logout and list views: class UpdatedLoginView(LoginView): form_class = LoginForm template_name = 'user/login.html' redirect_field_name='main/homepage.html' def form_valid(self, form): remember_me = form.cleaned_data['remember_me'] if not remember_me: self.request.session.set_expiry(0) self.request.session.modified = True return super(UpdatedLoginView, self).form_valid(form) class MyLogoutView(LogoutView): template_name = 'user/logout.html' The website I am trying to access is connected to this view: class ArticleListView(LoginRequiredMixin, ListView): template_name = 'hal/ArticleListView.html' model = Article paginate_by = 5 queryset = Article.objects.filter(status=1) def get_context_data(self, **kwargs): context = super(ArticleListView, self).get_context_data(**kwargs) categories = Category.objects.all() context['categories'] = categories return context my url.py looks like this: urlpatterns = [ path('login/', views.UpdatedLoginView.as_view(), name='login'), path('logout/', views.MyLogoutView.as_view(), name='logout'), path('articles/', views.ArticleListView.as_view(), name='article_list'), ] My settings.py file LOGIN_URL = 'login' LOGIN_REDIRECT_URL = 'homepage' LOGOUT_REDIRECT_URL = 'homepage' I can succesfully log in and access homepage, however when I am trying to access articles/ page with list of articles instead of accessing this page I am being redirected to login page. My url after redirect looks like this: http://127.0.0.1:8000/login/?next=/articles/. I am quite new to Django and I am probably missing something. I read Django 3.2 documentation but I didn't find any answers. When I delete LoginRequiredMixin from … -
Sending data from React using Axios to Django - Post request is empty
I am trying to send data from React via axios to the Django. Here is the code on the React Side: axios.defaults.xsrfHeaderName = "X-CSRFTOKEN"; axios.defaults.xsrfCookieName = "csrftoken"; axios.defaults.withCredentials = true sendData = () => { let formData = new FormData() formData.append('picture', this.state.files.height, this.state.files.name) axios.post("/api/async_image_analyze/", formData, { headers: { 'accept': 'application/json','content-type': 'multipart/form-data' },}).then(resp => { console.log(resp)}) } Here is the code on Django Side: def image_algorithm(request, *args, **kwargs): if request.method == 'POST': print(json.loads(request.POST.get('picture'))) Basically, the request.POST.get is empty. Can someone help on why it is empty? -
How to create model with relationship one-to-many in Django?
I need create relationship one-to-many. One Group can have many members. Did I do it right? Model: class Group(models.Model): id = models.BigAutoField(primary_key=True) groupName: models.CharField(max_length=100) description: models.CharField(max_length=255) createdAt = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True) updatedAt = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True) members: models.ForeignKey(User, n_delete=models.CASCADE) -
how to display django search result in new page
i want to display my django search result on a new html page instead of the page where the search bar is. i have tried manipulating my form tag and it still does'nt redirect to the page when i search, rather it stays on the same page. index.html <form action="{% url 'elements:all-elements' %}" method="get"> <input type="text" class="form-control" name="q" value="{{ request.GET.q }}" type="text" placeholder="Search Free Web Elements and Resources"> <button type="submit" class="btn bt-round" ><b><i class="bi bi-search"></i></b></button> </form> views.py - this is the view handling the seach, i dont know if anything would be appended there # Search Function query = request.GET.get("q") if query: vectors = vectors.filter( Q(title__icontains=query)).distinct() -
raise TypeError( TypeError: Direct assignment to the forward side of a many-to-many set is prohibited. Use order_item.set() instead
When I'm trying to make serializer for my model to save order items i got this error This is my serializer class OrdersItemsSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer): class Meta: model = OrderItems fields = ["customer","product","quantity"] class OrdersSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer): order_item = OrdersItemsSerializer(many = True) class Meta: model = Orders fields = ["id","order_at","customer","total_price","diliver_at","order_item"] def save(self): order_item = self.validated_data.pop('order_item') orderitemsls=set() for f in order_item: orderitems=OrderItems( customer=f['customer'], product=f['product'], quantity=f['quantity'], ) orderitems.save() print(orderitems.id) orderitemsls.add(orderitems) print(orderitemsls) new_order=Orders( customer=self.validated_data['customer'], total_price=self.validated_data['total_price'], order_item=orderitemsls ) return orderitemsls This is my models from django.db import models from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model # Create your models here. User = get_user_model() class Customers(models.Model): customer = models.OneToOneField(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE) profile_picture = models.ImageField() phone=models.CharField(max_length=12) address=models.CharField(max_length=500) reg_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True) class Meta: verbose_name_plural = "Customers" unique_together = ('customer', 'id') def __str__(self): return self.customer.username class Categories(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=100) image = models.ImageField() reg_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True) class Meta: verbose_name_plural = "Categories" def __str__(self): return self.name class Vendors(models.Model): vendor = models.OneToOneField(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE) profile_picture = models.ImageField() phone=models.CharField(max_length=12) address=models.CharField(max_length=500) reg_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True) class Meta: verbose_name_plural = "Vendors" def __str__(self): return self.vendor.username class Products(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=100) image = models.ImageField() price=models.IntegerField() vendor = models.ForeignKey(Vendors, on_delete=models.CASCADE) reg_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True) category = models.ForeignKey(Categories, on_delete=models.CASCADE) class Meta: verbose_name_plural = "Products" def __str__(self): return self.name class OrderItems(models.Model) : customer = models.ForeignKey(Customers, on_delete=models.CASCADE) ordered = … -
Best Practice to prevent form abuse Django
What is the best way to limit form submissions in Django? The form should be only submitted 5 times from the same IP in one hour, is there a way to do that in Django? I tried Django Ratelimit but it doesn't really work, because the traffic doesn't get blocked. -
How to update replicated Docker service
I'm still learning Docker, and unfortunately, after hours of reading its docs and trying various approaches, I need to ask for help here. I have 3 Droplets on Digital Ocean - dev, staging and production. They host a Django application and a database. Both dev and staging have one container, which is simply a Python container, and one MySQL container. I update them by pulling changes from a Bitbucket repository, applying migrations using docker exec -ti CONTAINER /bin/bash and restarting the Python container. The production Droplet has a replicated service and the image pulled from the container registry on Digital Ocean. I pull changes from the repository on Bitbucket, but because I can't simply restart the container, the changes are not reflected on the website. I tried docker stack deploy -c docker-compose.yml SERVICE --with-registry-auth and docker service update --image IMAGE SERVICE, but no effect. Any help would be appreciated. Thanks -
Django-restQL Vs Graphene-django
I recently stumbled upon 2 different Django libraries for graphql API development: Django-restQL and Graphene-django. I know they are fundamentally different, but in the end, they are both necessary for the development more precise GraphQL API compared to rest. That said, I'd love to know the challenges, special quirks and tweaks both frameworks have, and which would be "best" for the job. -
How can I pass the whole context variable(get_api context) as a perimeter of post_api? (edited) in Django
Task: fetching response from third-party API(GET - Request) and store into Database(Post - call) and fetch the list into the database. def get_api(request): third_party_response = 'https://thirdpartyurl.com' '''somelogic''' get_context = {...some values...} return (request, 'index.html', context) def post_api(request): ''' data store logic ''' return (request, 'index.html', context) index.html: I am passing the get_context dictionary into forms. <form action="{% url 'post_api' '{{ get_context }}' %}" method="post"> <button type="submit>Get Credit Score</button> </form> but it doesn't work. any better ideas. -
not able to serve static files with nginx on ec2 with django and gunicorn running inside docker container
I am using the below docker compose 'local.yml' to run django on ec2 server services: django: &django build: context: . dockerfile: ./compose/local/django/Dockerfile image: name_docker container_name: django depends_on: - mariadb - mailhog volumes: - .:/app:z env_file: - ./.envs/.local/.django - ./.envs/.local/.mariadb oom_kill_disable: True deploy: resources: limits: cpus: '0.50' memory: '3G' ports: - "8000:8000" command: /start it starts with start.sh script which is written as #!/bin/bash set -o errexit set -o pipefail set -o nounset # python /app/manage.py collectstatic --noinput /usr/local/bin/gunicorn config.wsgi --bind 0.0.0.0:8000 --timeout 10000 --workers 5 --threads 5 --chdir=/app On ec2 after deployment, server is running fine with gunicorn. Now I added nginx configuration as server { listen 3000; server_name domain_name.in; access_log /var/log/nginx/django_project-access.log; error_log /var/log/nginx/django_project-error.log info; add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' '*'; keepalive_timeout 5; # path for staticfiles location /static { autoindex on; alias /static; } location / { proxy_set_header Host $http_host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme; proxy_pass http://0.0.0.0:8000; } } This configuration is also running fine and I can access it locally on example.in:3000. But when I try to open admin page then I am not able to see static files there. Also I tried to collectstatic with the below command docker-compose -f local.yml run --rm django python manange.py … -
Delete Request Records Before Sending a New GET Request Djando
I am building a web app using Django. I am not that familiar with javascript/html since it is not my domain of specialty. What I am doing is searching for a name that will be looked up in the api and it will return it with other information. I'll post the codes which I think is realted to my issue. If you need anything more, I can provide it. views.py from django.shortcuts import render from .models import customer import requests def get_customer(request): all_customers = {} if 'name' in request.GET: name = request.GET['name'] url = 'https://retoolapi.dev/aSIZJV/customer__data?FirstName=%s'%name response = requests.get(url) data = response.json() customers = data for i in customers: customer_data = customer( uid = i['id'], f_name = i['FirstName'], m_name = i['MiddleName'], l_name = i['LastName'], phone = i['Phone'], email = i['Email'], DOB=i['DateOfBirth'], EID=i['EmiratesID'] ) customer_data.save() all_customers = customer.objects.all().order_by('-id') return render (request, 'customer.html', { "all_customers": all_customers} ) customer.html {% extends 'base.html'%} {% load static %} {% block content %} <div class = "container"> <div class = "text-center container"> <br> <h2 class = "text-center">Search for the desired customer</h2> <br> <form method="GET"> <input type='button' value='Remove Table Body' onclick='removeTableBody()'/> <!-- I am trying to remove the table body using the line above, but it is not … -
uploading videos in Djnago rest framework
I have created an post api which will upload images and videos for blogs. I can handle multiple images, not a problem there. But I have to send a video as well from the frontend. I have used Filefield for video. I am no expert in apis but what I think is, since the code I have written is synchronous, everything that I have written will be be done at the same time. Now the issue is, if a user wants to upload a very large video for eg 200-500 mb then, the post api call response will be very long. Is there a way I can save the blog post first, return the response and then start uploading the video in the database of live server. My models: class Blogposts(models.Model): user = models.ForeignKey(User,on_delete=models.CASCADE,null=True,related_name='blogs' ) blog_title = models.CharField(max_length=100blank=True) video = models.FileField(upload_to="media", validators=[FileExtensionValidator( allowed_extensions=['mp4','avi'])], null= True) I tried to use django signals, but then again django signals are also synchronous.Everything I stated above might be wrong as well, I am not sure. But how to approach this?? Or should I use django celery?? -
Why isn't a new field added to the User model after extending it in Django?
Why isn't a new field added to the User model after extending it in Django? Here is a structure of my project: │ db.sqlite3 │ manage.py │ ├───ithogwarts │ │ asgi.py │ │ settings.py │ │ urls.py │ │ wsgi.py │ │ __init__.py │ │ │ └───__pycache__ │ ├───main │ │ admin.py │ │ apps.py │ │ models.py │ │ tests.py │ │ urls.py │ │ views.py │ │ __init__.py │ │ │ ├───migrations │ │ │ __init__.py │ │ │ │ │ └───__pycache__ │ │ │ ├───static │ │ └───main │ │ ├───css │ │ │ footer.css │ │ │ header.css │ │ │ index.css │ │ │ │ │ ├───img │ │ │ │ │ └───js │ │ script.js │ │ │ ├───templates │ │ └───main │ │ index.html │ │ layout.html │ │ level_magic.html │ │ │ └───__pycache__ │ ├───templates │ └───registration └───users │ admin.py │ apps.py │ forms.py │ models.py │ tests.py │ urls.py │ utils.py │ views.py │ __init__.py │ ├───migrations │ │ 0001_initial.py │ │ __init__.py │ │ │ └───__pycache__ │ ├───static │ └───users │ └───css │ login.css │ register.css │ ├───templates │ └───users │ login.html │ register.html │ └───__pycache__ models.py: from django.db import … -
Djnago superuser login does not work with --noinput option
Super user is being created successfully with --noinput option, but login does not work in admin site. DJANGO_SUPERUSER_PASSWORD=123#$asdWE python manage.py createsuperuser --noinput --username admin --email ad@admin.com login of a superuser without --noinput (manual password typing) is working as expected. -
Difference in API Calls in Production and Development?
Background: I have a backend server of a personal project, which makes call to a Third Party API. I have made this call in my own server instead of the React Front-End to avoid the CORS Error. Problem: When the backend is in Development, and the API call is done, it returns Correct Data. But once hosted, the API returns Incorrect Data. By Incorrect, I mean response is of same format, but main content required (which is a URL) is incorrect. I wanted to more about what difference is between the two API calls my server does, one in localhost and the other in Production. What I have figured out yet: I have used different hosting services, Heroku and Vercel, so, the Host is probably not the problem here. I have created the backend in two Tech Stacks, Django and Node - Express, so that also checks out, as both return same incorrect Data in Production, whereas, both return Correct Data in Development. Hence, I wanted to know about what data does API calls send over as request headers etc. and the difference between them when done in Development and Production. Here's the Express Code: const express = require('express'); const … -
My template is not rendering the form as method='post' (Django template)
I was implementing a search functionality for a college web site. The problem is when i submit my form it's always sends a get request instead of post request . I've done every test as i can , but did't find a way out of this . Please help me to fix why the form is not sending a post request. The view, The form: , when i inspect in browser , The request logs when i submit the form -
Django-CMS : Unexpected keyword argument 'providing_args'
I have installed a vanilla django-cms on a new server. I installed all requirements. It all went fine, up untill the point where I wanted to migrate to the database (Postgres). So this is what I did : Tried reinstalling and installing it all again. Didn't change it. Used google to try and find people with the same error. Try editing the signals file on which the error(shown below) fires, but that meant rewriting it all, which still made it unresponsive. Traceback: File "manage.py", line 22, in <module> main() File "manage.py", line 18, in main execute_from_command_line(sys.argv) File "/websites/fl/flvenv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/core/management/_ _init__.py", line 425, in execute_from_command_line utility.execute() File "/websites/fl/flvenv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/core/management/_ _init__.py", line 401, in execute django.setup() File "/websites/fl/flvenv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/__init__.py", lin e 24, in setup apps.populate(settings.INSTALLED_APPS) File "/websites/fl/flvenv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/apps/registry.py" , line 114, in populate app_config.import_models() File "/websites/fl/flvenv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/apps/config.py", line 300, in import_models self.models_module = import_module(models_module_name) File "/usr/lib/python3.8/importlib/__init__.py", line 127, in import_module return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level) File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1014, in _gcd_import File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 991, in _find_and_load File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 975, in _find_and_load_unlocked File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 671, in _load_unlocked File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 848, in exec_module File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed File "/websites/fl/flvenv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/cms/models/__init__.py", line 12, in <module> from cms import signals as … -
Django serializer doesn't save in db
i want to save a model in the sqlite test-db but the saved result is an empty row in the db with the auto incremened index of the row. the rest of the row is NULL. i spended a lot of time to solve the problem but i have found nothing . after the method call save() the data is gone -> see print below. its clear that the response throws this error - i thougt the dictObj will be converted automatically in a json. and i bet when the serilized.data has the correct form of the object it will work. Here is the code: class Hopper(models.Model): # Relationships id = models.IntegerField open_positions_count = models.TextField name = models.TextField exchange = models.TextField hopper_id = models.TextField subscription_id = models.TextField plan_id = models.TextField payment_term = models.TextField payment_method_id = models.TextField ... # shortened class HopperSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer): class Meta: model = Hopper fields = ['id', 'open_positions_count', 'name', 'exchange', 'hopper_id', 'subscription_id', 'plan_id', 'payment_term', 'payment_method_id', ... # shortened ] The Views.hopper gets the hopperObject as a jsonObject: @api_view(('POST', 'GET')) @csrf_exempt def hopper(request): if request.method == 'POST': data = request.data serializer = HopperSerializer(data=data) print(serializer.initial_data) if serializer.is_valid(): serializer.save() print(serializer.initial_data) print(serializer.data) return Response(serializer.data, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED) # Throws -> TypeError: Object of type … -
Use a variable that can be accessed by two functions in views.py - Django
I am making a post and get API call to a third-party application using requests.post and requests.get respectively. The POST request is to authenticate and get the token and the get request is to use the token and access data from the third-party application. My code snippet : class Robot(APIView): common_var="" def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs): res = requests.post(API,headers=header,data=body) res=res.json() common_var=common_var+res['t'] def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs): header={'Authorization': common_var} payload = {'$top': '3','$filter':"abs"} res = requests.get(url, params=payload,headers=header) res=res.json() return Response(res, status=status.HTTP_200_OK) I am not able to access the "common_var" inside get() method. I sthere an alternative method to do this? Thank you -
AttributeError: 'Clients' object has no attribute 'is_authenticated' in django-restframework
I want to implement custom client authorization in Django-restframework project but I face the following error: File "D:\Projects\Python Projects\blog_posts\backend\venv\lib\site-packages\rest_framework\permissions.py", line 137, in has_permission return bool(request.user and request.user.is_authenticated) AttributeError: 'Clients' object has no attribute 'is_authenticated' [15/Dec/2021 17:10:23] "GET /api/admin/postList HTTP/1.1" 500 102946 I want to implement this authorization as a global rule for my project. Here I'm stuck here please help me out from this problem... I'm using: Django==3.2.9 djangorestframework==3.12.4 I'm getting the client id from the client request header as like: from users.models import Clients from rest_framework import authentication from rest_framework import exceptions from rest_framework import permissions class ClientAuthentication(authentication.BaseAuthentication): def authenticate(self, request): clientID = request.headers.get('client') print("client id: ", clientID) if not clientID: # no username passed in request headers raise exceptions.AuthenticationFailed('Client ID is Required') try: client = Clients.objects.get(id=clientID) # get the client id except Clients.DoesNotExist: # raise exception if user does not exist raise exceptions.AuthenticationFailed('Client ID is Not Valid') return (client, None) # authentication successful My setting.py config file is like this: INSTALLED_APPS = [ 'django.contrib.admin', 'django.contrib.auth', 'django.contrib.contenttypes', 'django.contrib.sessions', 'django.contrib.messages', 'django.contrib.staticfiles', # custom apps adding from here... 'blog', 'blog_api', "rest_framework", "corsheaders", "users", # authentication apps "rest_framework_simplejwt.token_blacklist", ] # django rest-framework settings... REST_FRAMEWORK = { 'DEFAULT_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES': ( 'core.authorization.ClientAuthentication', 'rest_framework_simplejwt.authentication.JWTAuthentication', ), 'DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES': …
